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Signal to Noise

I had a dream the other night….

And I saw Christian riding in a train. His good friend Atheos was riding with him. They were leaving the city of Destruction (which was the capital of the country that share its name) and going to the country of Annihilation.

While they were passing the time in chitchat and observing the pleasant scenery outside their window, Christian spied some white rocks that, against a green lawn, rested together in such a way as that they seemed to form lines arranged in the shape of letters:

WELCOME TO

ANNIHILATION

“Well, this is new!” quoth Christian.

“Yes, indeed,” agreed Atheos. “Those rocks had not fallen there the last time we took this trip. I wonder if they fell off some train or cart, or if they are the fragments of some bright falling star that burned the sky. Mayhap they were pushed up from the ground by subterranean forces.”

Christian marveled greatly at this. He gestured back at the rocks, which now disappeared as they speedily continued hurtling on their way. “What do you mean? How can you wonder at all. Those rocks were placed there for the very purpose, plainly, of welcoming passengers like us to the great nation of Annihilation.”

Atheos laughed cheerfully. “Ah my friend,” he replied, “Once again you insist on a complicated explanation for simple things that require no such artifice. I saw no evidence of any grand designer laying out those rocks in a purposeful pattern for our benefit.”

And in my dream, Christian and Atheos conversed in earnestness about the white rocks on the green lawn and whether it as more reasonable to consider them the product of chance or to hold as plainly evident that they were arranged by some intelligence for a purpose. They disourse for quite some time, yet in my dream time sped up too fast for me to listen, and when time slowed to its natural pace, and audibility returned, they had evidently decided to cease their vain efforts, and turn their conversation, if not their minds, to more peaceful paths.

“Well,” said Christian, “in a valiant effort to change the subject, “when do you think we will cross the border and enter into Annihilation? Are we still in Destruction, or are have we left the territory of our homeland yet?”

Atheos started in surprise, and then laughed. “Surely you jest, Christian. You know when we crossed over to Annihilation as well as I do.  Has that not been our point of controversy this last half hour?  There can be no doubt in your mind, as there is none in mine, but that we traversed the border between the two realms a score of minutes and half again ago.”

Christian’s faced showed him utterly bewildered.  “What mean ye, fair Atheos?  How do you know that we have crossed?”

“Prithee stop pretending,” said Atheos, “Else I will die laughing.”

“Humor me or take me with utter seriousness,” replied Christian, “but tell me how you know.”

“To state the obvious, then,” said Atheos, “we both saw the rocks–the self-same rocks we have been arguing about.  The told us we were entering Annihilation and were welcome to it.  Did you not have eyes?  Can you not read?  The words from the pattern of the rocks were clear and unmistakable.  How can you pretend us ignorant, that we have entered that great nation?”

Jim Jordan on the Act of Crossing Oneself

Throughout all the centuries of the Christian church, the cross has been a prominent symbol of the faith. It is probably the most prominent “mere symbol” in the church, once we have excluded the sacramental signs of Holy Baptism and Holy Communion. The cross has been used in three distinct but interrelated ways: as an architectural design, as a symbol, and as an action. Churches were built in a cruciform shape. A cross was put on the front wall and on the steeple. People crossed themselves to invoke the protection of the covenant God.

The Reformers did not object to the act of crossing oneself, provided it was not done superstitiously. They recognized that it might simply be an external bodily action that accompanies an inward prayer for protection. To be under the sign of the cross is to be under the blood of Christ, under the protection of His wings. A man in distress might pray, “Lord Jesus Christ, protect me from harm, for I am Your child, under Your protection,” and he might cross himself as an external physical act while he thus prays.

[Thus Martin Bucer, “This sign [of the cross] was not only used in the churches in very ancient times: it is still an admirably simple reminder of the cross of Christ.” Bucer writes with respect to making the sign of the cross as part of the rite of holy baptism. In Martin Bucer, Censura, trans. by E. C. Whitaker in Martin Bucer and the Book of Common Prayer. Alcuin Club Collections No. 55 (London: SPCK, 1974),, p. 90.]

This may make little sense to a modern man, however. Under the influence of Greek philosophy, primarily Stoic asceticism and Neo-platonic mysticism, men despise the body. The only thing that really counts is the inward, mental, psychological motion. An external physical motion, such as crossing oneself while praying for protection, is not only superfluous, but actually evil.

In the Biblical perspective, physical actions are neither evil nor superfluous. When a man repents, he falls to the ground, prostrate before God. When he is horrified at God’s judgments, he sits in the dirt and puts dust in his hair, or tears out his hair and rips his garments (cf. e.g., Ezra 9:3). When he is happy at God’s blessings, he dances in the streets. And when he wants to invoke God’s protection, he . . . well, why don’t you fill in the blank?

We may ask, then: When conservative Protestants scream and yell about the act of crossing oneself, are they being true to Scripture, or simply reacting against Rome? True, many Roman Catholics cross themselves superstitiously. The external act is seen magically rather than dynamically, as a way of capturing God’s favor rather than as a whole-personed expression of the heart. So what? The wars of religion were centuries ago. What does that have to do with how Protestants are to act today?

I want to make it clear here that I am not advocating that conservative Protestants go back to the custom of crossing themselves in prayer. We have not reinstituted this custom in our church. What I am saying is that the custom is not unscriptural, and that the conservative church at large should give it some thought. If we create a Christian culture, one that no longer despises the body and bodily actions, such dancelike gestures and customs may well return.

From “How Biblical Is Protestant Worship?” chapter 10 of The Sociology of the Church.

Why modernism on the brain?

It wasn’t Hodge or Frame that made me think of it. It was listening to Jeff’s lectures on the Mercersberg Theology again. Philip Schaff and John Williamson Nevin had some great things to say, but when I keep reading mantras about putting doctrine’s into their “proper scientific form” I almost feel pity for them. But this isn’t just Mercersberg. Reading the centinniel selection of Abraham Kuyper’s speeches and writings was incredibly familiar because he spoke in the same Hegelian modern context as them.

It was thinking again about Kuyper’s similar manner of speech to Nevin and Schaff that reminded me of Frame’s off-hand remark about the Dutch Reformed obsession with proper “place” within an encyclopedia.

What strikes me as ironic is that Nevin and Schaff both wanted to communicate with a general audience. Yet they had this inherently elitist academic notion about theology. Of course, not all elittism is bad. But then, even valid elites are constantly tempted to use their advantage to gain some invalid leverage over the common lot. It needs to be watched. When Nevin complained that Calvin had not put his doctrine of the Lord’s Supper in its “proper scientific form,” he offered what I found to be some extremely helpful analogies for how to understand our participation in the actual humanity of Christ without needing physical particles.

But it wasn’t science. It was simply an analogy about an acorn growing into an oak tree. It didn’t need to be called “science” as if that was some sort of inherently superior form of speech.  Frankly, I found it easier to compare to science fiction.

John Frame leading the Reformed out of modernity

In Doctrine of the Knowledge of God, Frame constructed a cogent argument against Charles Hodge’s claim that the task of a theologian was to arrange the facts of Scripture in their “proper” order, like a scientist. That was an important move to give us exodus from modernity.

But almost as important, perhaps just as important, was his passing remark of being puzzled why Dutch Reformed theologians of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries spent so much effort arguing over the “place” of a doctrine within an “encyclopedia”–as if it really mattered.

This I think is actually more revealing. Modernity doesn’t so much need to be argued against. People just have to be willing to express how incredible and baseless the entire project now looks.

“Remind me: Why are we writing about this again? Or: “Why are we writing this way? How is it helpful?”

One question and the cards start falling.

Outreach and Sacraments

I almost missed this brief entry, but I’m glad I didn’t. It is gold.

What do outreach and the sacraments have to do with one another? In a word: guilt–“us” with two much and “them” with none.

In my opinion part of the none-guilt problem is that the entire Protestant world has developed a centuries-long tradition of “saving” Roman Catholics–saving hypothetical Luther’s suffering terrors of conscience.

If we could build time machines and go back a few centuries to Medieval Europe we might make great Evangelists.

But since God is dragging us, kicking and screaming, into the twenty-first, it might be good to stop addressing people who aren’t alive anymore and actually aim our message at the people who are here with us.

It also may be we are free to acknowledge that, for whatever reason, guilt does not resonate for non-Christians of our culture and time and generation, and that’s okay. We do not need to go to guilt to get to Christ – that is not the only formula or plot line available. To say another way, we do not need to force non-Christians to feel something they do not now feel in order to fix something they never thought they had a problem with until we came along (especially if that is not the route we ourselves followed). Sometimes all we need to do is invite people to come and see, and then watch the story God writes as He moves to set things right.

As to the guilt problem, how can one’s heart not burn within when reading this?:

For Christians, it may be we do not need to believe the Gospel harder, we need affirmed to us that the story of our connection with the Gospel is valid (it is) — and therefore the Good News is for us, too. And our story may have been through relationships and “come and see” experiences, or never knowing a day we did not know Jesus, or something else. (Though I won’t delve into it, I find echoes of the need for one’s story to be validated in Galatians, where Paul affirms the Gentile “come to Jesus”/ “remember how you first came to know God” story and refuses to let the Jewish Christians impose another story on them and try to fit their story in a different mold).

ddd

Other precedents

This invocation of J. C. Ryle is interesting. However, all you have to do is compare Ryle to John Calvin or Turretin and Pictet, or Zacharias Ursinus, and a much different story is immediately evident.

In my opinion, we should remain Confessional rather than innovating.

And, in fact, that is exactly what is happening. Judging from the fact that ministers who would side with Leithart are scattered throughout the PCA presbyteries, including the Southeast, it is pretty much a fait accompli. I’m not suggesting that the PCA is going to go in Leithart’s direction or that it needs to. I’m just saying that it is a fact that the PCA has ruled through her Presbyteries that this is within the doctrinal bounds of the Westminster standards.

Personally, I suspect an education at the Master’s College and Seminary and a continuing sympathy with “New Covenant theology” isn’t the best background for gaining an objective view of the matter.